It is usually best to utilize a basic quarter-wave whip until your prototype
product is operating satisfactorily. Other antennas can then be evaluated
based on the cost, size, and cosmetic requirements of the product. You
may wish to review Application Note AN-00500 “Antennas: Design,
Application, Performance” and Application Note AN-00501 “Understanding
Antenna Specifications and Operation.”
General Antenna Rules
The following general rules should help in maximizing antenna
performance.
1. Proximity to objects such as a user’s hand, body, or metal objects will
cause an antenna to de-tune. For this reason, the antenna shaft and tip
should be positioned as far away from such objects as possible.
2. Optimum performance will be obtained from a quarter or half-wave
straight whip mounted at a right angle to the ground plane. In many
cases, this isn’t desirable for practical or ergonomic reasons, thus,
an alternative antenna style such as a helical, loop, or patch may be
utilized and the corresponding sacrifice in performance accepted.
OPTIMUM
USABLE
NOT RECOMMENDED
3. If an internal antenna is to be used, keep it away from other metal
components, particularly large items like transformers, batteries, PCB
tracks, and ground planes. In many cases, BE the space around the
(MAY NEEDED)
Figure 33: Ground Plane Orientation
CASE
GROUND PLANE
NUT
antenna is as important as the antenna itself. Objects in close proximity
to the antenna can cause direct de-tuning, while those farther away will
alter the antenna’s symmetry.
– 28 –
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